Protective effects of BCG / 公共卫生与预防医学

BCG vaccine is one of the most widely used vaccines in human history, with tens of billions of doses administered annually over the past century as an important means of preventing tuberculosis. However, BCG is also used for non-traditional purposes of prevention and treatment, such as bladder cancer immunotherapy. In addition to cancer immunotherapy, BCG is increasingly found to be helpful for a variety of immune diseases, including multiple sclerosis, typeⅠdiabetes, and some atopic diseases. It also can protect against non-tuberculous mycobacterium infections, viral infections and even COVID-19. This allogenic protective effect lies in the BCG vaccine's ability to alter immune set points through allogenic T cell immunity, as well as in the epigenetic and immunological effects of metabolomic changes in innate immune cells, a process known as “training immunity”. This paper summarizes the anti-TB effect of BCG and focuses on its heterologous protection and related mechanism.

Clinical pharmaceutical practice of constructing mind map by clinical pharmacists for the consultation of pulmonary nocardiosis / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To explore the construction of mind map by clinical pharmacists for the consultation of pulmonary nocardiosis and its application in clinical practice， and to provide reference for promoting the correct selection of nocardiosis treatment drugs in clinical practice and ensuring drug safety and efficacy. METHODS A total of 7 patients with Nocardia pulmonary infection from January 2017 to April 2022 in our hospital were collected. Based on evidence-based medicine， a consultation mind map （mainly including understanding the medical history， identifying infectious bacteria， identifying risk factors， developing treatment plans， and conducting evaluations） was constructed to address the difficulties of large differences in drug sensitivity among different strains of Nocardia and numerous adverse reactions of Compound sulfamethoxazole as a first-line drug. The treatment plan was developed for 7 patients with pulmonary nocardiosis， and whole-process pharmaceutical care was provided. RESULTS Combined with the mind map， different antibiotic combination regimens were given according to the drug sensitivity results of Nocardia， the different species of Nocardia， and the patient’s allergy history. Among them， 4 cases were treated with imipenem cilastatin， the patients receiving Compound sulfamethoxazole and linezolid for a long time were given full pharmaceutical care， and the adverse drug reactions were timely treated.CONCLUSIONS Clinical pharmacists apply the consultation mind map of pulmonary nocardiosis to the treatment of inpatients， take advantage of pharmacy， participate in clinical drug therapy， and really play a role in the clinical treatment team so as to promote rational drug use.

Analysis of the disease burden of pneumoconiosis globally and in China from 1990 to 2019 / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To analyze the disease burden of pneumoconiosis globally and in China from 1990 to 2019 using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 data, and to provide a theoretical basis for prevention and control of pneumoconiosis. Methods: In September 2022, the data of incidence, prevalence, morality and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) of pneumoconiosis and its subtypes globally and in China from 1990 to 2019 were collected from GBD 2019, including absolute number and age-standardized rate (ASR). Joinpoint linear regression model was used to calculate average annual percent change (AAPC) and analyze the change trends of incidence, prevalence, mortality and DALY of pneumoconiosis and its subtypes. Results: From 1990 to 2019, the incident cases, prevalent cases and DALY value of pneumoconiosis showed upward trends, while the number of death cases showed downward trends. And the ASR of incidence (ASIR), the ASR of prevalence (ASPR), the ASR of mortality (ASMR) and the ASR of DALY (ASDR) showed downward trends globally and in China. China accounted for a large proportion of the global disease burden of penumoconiosis, accounting for more than 67% of the incident cases, more than 80% of the prevalent cases, more than 43% of the deaths cases and more than 60% of the absolute number of DALY in the world every year. Male were the main population of pneumoconiosis disease burden globally and in China, and the age of onset was earlier than that of female. The peak age periods of incidence, prevalence, mortality and DALY of pneumoconiosis globally and in China from 1990 to 2019 have increased. Silicosis was still the type with the highest disease burden of pneumoconiosis globally and in China. The disease burden of coal workers' pneumoconiosis had an overall improvement trend, but asbestosis had an increasing disease burden worldwide. Conclusion: The disease burden of pneumoconiosis is heavy globally and in China, which is necessary to strengthen the supervision and prevention measures according to gender, age and etiological types.

A YAP/TAZ-CD54 axis is required for CXCR2-CD44- tumor-specific neutrophils to suppress gastric cancer

As an important part of tumor microenvironment, neutrophils are poorly understood due to their spatiotemporal heterogeneity in tumorigenesis. Here we defined, at single-cell resolution, CD44-CXCR2- neutrophils as tumor-specific neutrophils (tsNeus) in both mouse and human gastric cancer (GC). We uncovered a Hippo regulon in neutrophils with unique YAP signature genes (e.g., ICAM1, CD14, EGR1) distinct from those identified in epithelial and/or cancer cells. Importantly, knockout of YAP/TAZ in neutrophils impaired their differentiation into CD54+ tsNeus and reduced their antitumor activity, leading to accelerated GC progression. Moreover, the relative amounts of CD54+ tsNeus were found to be negatively associated with GC progression and positively associated with patient survival. Interestingly, GC patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy had increased numbers of CD54+ tsNeus. Furthermore, pharmacologically enhancing YAP activity selectively activated neutrophils to suppress refractory GC, with no significant inflammation-related side effects. Thus, our work characterized tumor-specific neutrophils in GC and revealed an essential role of YAP/TAZ-CD54 axis in tsNeus, opening a new possibility to develop neutrophil-based antitumor therapeutics.

Factors Influencing and Adverse Reactions of Voriconazole Clearance in Patients with Hematological Diseases / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To monitor the changes of voriconazole minimum concentration(Cmin) in patients with hematological diseases, and evaluate the factors influencing and adverse reactions of voriconazole clearance in patients with hematological diseases, so as to provide a theoretical basis for reasonable clinical use of voriconazole.@*METHODS@#136 patients with hematological diseases who used voriconazole in Wuhan NO.1 Hospital from May 2018 to December 2019 were selected. The correlation between C-reactive protein, albumin, creatinine and voriconazole Cmin were analyzed, and the changes of voriconazole Cmin after glucocorticoid treatment was also detected. In addition, stratified analysis was used to explore the adverse events of voriconazole.@*RESULTS@#Among 136 patients, 77 were male (56.62%) and 59 were female (43.38%). There were positive correlations between voriconazole Cmin and C-reactive protein and creatinine levels (r=0.277, r=0.208), while voriconazole Cmin was negatively correlated with albumin level (r=-2.673). Voriconazole Cmin in patients treated with glucocorticoid was decreased significantly (P<0.05). In addition, sratified analysis of voriconazole Cmin showed that compared with voriconazole Cmin 1.0-5.0 mg/L group, the incidence of adverse reactions of visual impairment in voriconazole Cmin> 5.0 mg/L group was increased (χ2=4.318, P=0.038).@*CONCLUSION@#The levels of C-reactive protein, albumin and creatinine are closely related to the voriconazole Cmin, which indicate that inflammation and hyponutrition may prevent the clearance of voriconazole in patients with hematological diseases. It is necessary to monitor the voriconazole Cmin of patients with hematological diseases, and adjust the dosage in time to reduce adverse reactions.

Progress in abnormal liver function related to food allergy / 国际儿科学杂志

The etiology of abnormal liver function in children is complex.Food allergy can cause liver immunity injury, which is one of the causes of abnormal liver function in children.The common clinical manifestation is hypertransaminasemia, mostly without cholestasis and hepatomegaly.After the exclusion of common causes of abnormal liver function, food challenge test to observe the changes of transaminase is used to diagnose abnormal liver function related to food allergy.This article reviews the research status, potential mechanism and clinical characteristic of abnormal liver function related to food allergy, aiming to improve the understanding of the phenomenon of clinicians, and better diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Entrainment of Astrocytic and Neuronal Ca2+ Population Dynamics During Information Processing of Working Memory in Mice / 神经科学通报·英文版

Astrocytes are increasingly recognized to play an active role in learning and memory, but whether neural inputs can trigger event-specific astrocytic Ca2+ dynamics in real time to participate in working memory remains unclear due to the difficulties in directly monitoring astrocytic Ca2+ dynamics in animals performing tasks. Here, using fiber photometry, we showed that population astrocytic Ca2+ dynamics in the hippocampus were gated by sensory inputs (centered at the turning point of the T-maze) and modified by the reward delivery during the encoding and retrieval phases. Notably, there was a strong inter-locked and antagonistic relationship between the astrocytic and neuronal Ca2+ dynamics with a 3-s phase difference. Furthermore, there was a robust synchronization of astrocytic Ca2+ at the population level among the hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex, and striatum. The inter-locked, bidirectional communication between astrocytes and neurons at the population level may contribute to the modulation of information processing in working memory.

Countermeasures to the construction of standardized residency training / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This study firstly reviews the history and current situation of course construction, then combines closely with the objectives and the summary of current situation of the standardized residency training, and finally puts forward concrete countermeasures from the several angles, such as teaching objectives, teaching team development, teaching content and forms, as well as evaluation mechanism, advocating the promotion of problem-based learning (PBL), medical simulation teaching (MST), literature discussion and other teaching methods, encouraging the integration of humanities education and clinical guidelines into teaching, and adopting objective structured clinical examination + standardized patient (OSCE+SP) assessment method and conducting two-way assessment, so as to assist in the education development of the standardized residency training.

Effect of Kangquan Recipe () on BAMBI Expression in Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Prostate in Rats with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of Kangquan Recipe (, KQR) on bone morphogenetic protein and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI) expression and its mechanism in rats with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).@*METHODS@#Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups using a random number table, with 8 in each group: the normal group (normal saline 10 mL/kg), the model group (normal saline 10 mL/kg), the finasteride group (0.5 mg/kg), the low-dose KQR group (3.5 g/kg), the middle-dose KQR group (7 g/kg), and the high-dose KQR group (14 g/kg). The 40 rats were subcutaneously injected with testosterone propionate after castration for 30 days to establish the BPH rat model except for those in the normal group. At the same time, the corresponding drugs were administered by gavage for 30 consecutive days. The effects of different doses of KQR on the protate wet weight, prostate volume and prostate index (PI) were observed. The changes in histopathology were monitored with hematoxylin-eosin staining. BAMBI protein and mRNA expression contents were determined by Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively.@*RESULTS@#All doses of KQR could decrease prostatic epithelial tissue proliferation. Compared to the model group, the high and middle-dose KQR significantly reduced prostate wet weight, prostate volume and PI; increased BAMBI protein expression in the hypothalamus, pituitary and prostate tissue; all doses of KQR up-regulated BAMBI mRNA expression in serum, prostatic fluid and prostate tissue (P<0.05 or P<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#KQR could inhibit the proliferation of rat prostatic tissue, promote BAMBI protein expression in the hypothalamic-pituitary-prostate of rats with BPH; and increase BAMBI mRNA expression in the blood, prostatic fluid and prostate tissue of rats with BPH, showing a dose-effect relationship. KQR can be used as a potential drug for the treatment of BPH.

Application of SPR protein chip in screening for imported malaria / 生物工程学报

Imported malaria has become a major risk factor for malaria prevention and control in China. How to screen malaria quickly for people entering China is an urgent problem to be solved. Protein microarrays are widely used in high-throughput screening and diagnosis. In this study, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique for malaria detection was established by using the specific adsorption surface treated by polyethylene glycol polymer, and the malaria specific antigen HRP2 was used as capture probe. The optimal concentration of antigen, sensitivity and specificity of detection, as well as anti-interference ability of the chip were analyzed. The SPR protein chip was applied to detect specific antibodies of malignant malaria in serum with the advantage of label-free, instant and fast. Compared with fluorescence quantitative PCR, there were no significant difference in sensitivity and specificity between the two methods. This study lays a foundation for further development of protein microarray for malaria typing identification, and it is conducive to the rapid screening of malaria for people entering.

Temporary abdominal closure combined with continuous negative pressure drainage in management of patients with severe pancreatic trauma / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective:To study the use of temporary abdominal closure combined with continuous negative pressure drainage in management of patients with severe pancreatic trauma.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 33 patients with severe pancreatic trauma treated at the 908th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA from June 2014 to June 2020. There were 28 males and 5 females, with an average age of 43.1 years. Sixteen patients were treated with temporary abdominal closure combined with continuous negative pressure drainage (the combined group), and 17 patients with direct abdominal closure and traditional drainage (the control group). The body temperature, heart rate, intra-abdominal pressure, length of hospital stay and postoperative complications were compared between groups.Results:There was no significant difference in the preoperative intra-abdominal pressure between the two groups ( P>0.05). The intra-abdominal pressure on the first, second and third postoperative days in the combined group were (11.7±2.6) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kpa), (11.1±3.2) mmHg and (10.2±3.7) mmHg respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group of (18.1±5.3) mmHg, (15.6±6.2) mmHg, and (15.0±6.7) mmHg, respectively (all P<0.05). The total in-hospital and ICU stays in the combined group were (29.2±17.8) days and (7.1±3.2) days respectively, which were significantly less than those in the control group of (49.5±26.3) days and (11.8±7.6) days (both P<0.05). The decreases in body temperature and heart rate in the combined group were (-0.1±0.9)℃ and (18.2±17.2) times/min respectively, which were significantly more than those in the control group of (-1.2±0.7)℃ and (-5.9±17.2) times/min respectively (both P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative complication in the combined group was 18.8% (3/16), which was significantly lower than that in the control group of 52.9% (9/17)(χ 2=4.164, P=0.041). Conclusion:Significant advantages were obtained by using temporary abdominal closure combined with continuous negative pressure drainage to treat patients with severe pancreatic trauma. There were significantly lower abdominal pressure, less abdominal complications, and shorter hospital and ICU stays. This treatment is worthy of promotion in management of patients with severe pancreatic trauma.

Genomic prediction of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy resistance in rectal cancer / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To search for the key genes influencing the resistance of rectal cancer to chemoradiotherapy based on the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA).Methods:The data were collected from gene expression omnibus. The whole genome expression data GSE119409 of patients receiving radiotherapy and chemotherapy were obtained by gene expression ominibus. The weighted gene co-expression networks of pathological complete response group and non-pathological complete response group were constructed respectively. NetRep conservative evaluation method was used to comprehensively analyze the three key network attributes of gene connectivity, gene significance and module membership of each node in the network module, and to determine the key genes closely related to the sensitivity of rectal cancer to radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Results:Network modules including black, blue, green, yellow and purple were obtained by WGCNA, and five key genes including SLC22A14, SIDT2, CABP4, EPHB6 and RAB11B were screened out.Conclusions:Five gene co-expression network modules and five key genes related to chemoradiotherapy resistance of rectal cancer were screened by weighted gene co-expression network analysis, which provided clues for finding molecular markers and potential therapeutic targets for neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy resistance evaluation.

Application of iPDMS protein microarray in screening of tumor-associated antigen autoantibodies / 生物工程学报

The rapid screening of tumor markers is a challenging task for early diagnosis of cancer. This study aims to use highly sensitive chemiluminescent protein microarray technology to efficiently screen a variety of low abundance tumor related markers. A new material, termed integrated polydimethylsiloxane modified silica gel (iPDMS), was obtained by adding a surface polymerization initiator with olefin end to the conventional polydimethylsiloxane, and fixing into the three-dimensional structure of polydimethylsiloxane by thermal crosslinking through silicon hydrogen bonding. In order to make the iPDMS material resistant to non-specific protein adsorption, a poly(OEGMA) polymer brush was synthesized by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization at the active initiation site. Finally, 20 tumor-related antigens were printed into the specific areas of the microarray by high-throughput spray printing technology, and assembled into 48-well detection microtiterplates of the iPDMS microarray. It was found the VEGFR and VEGF121 autoantibodies that obtained from 8 common tumors (breast cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, leukemia, lymphoma and ovarian cancer) can be used as potential tumor markers. The chemiluminescence labeled iPDMS protein microarray can be used for the screening of tumor autoantibodies at early stage.

Meta analysis of the association of Bisphenol A with obesity in children and adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To evaluate the relationship between the bisphenol A (BPA) exposure and obesity in children and adolescents with Meta-analysis, and to provide a new idea for prevention and control of obesity.@*Methods@#Reviewer independently searched and screened potentially relevant studies that reported the association between BPA and obesity in children and adolescents through Medline, Web of Science, CBM, CNKI, WANFANG DATA and CQVIP to March 7, 2019. Chi-square based Q test and I 2 statistic were used to assess the heterogeneity. Forest plot was used to display results graphically. Potential publication bias was assessed by the Egger and Begg tests and funnel plot.@*Results@#In total, 13 studies with 3 932 participants met the eligibility criteria, 13 articles were indentified involving 1 046 obesity children and 2 886 normal control children. Overall summary estimates indicated significant positive correlation between urinary BPA and obesity ( SMD =0.26，95% CI =0.01-0.51), and a nonsignificant association between serum BPA and obesity ( SMD =0.07，95% CI =-0.44-0.58). Significant heterogeneity was observed in overall estimates ( I 2=87.3%, P <0.01). In additon, a significant positive association was estimated in American ( SMD =0.27, 95% CI =0.16-0.39) and Europe ( SMD =3.76, 95 CI =2.77-4.74). The association between BPA and obesity was not changed in each individual (sensitivity analysis by leaving one out approach). The funnel plots did not reveal severe asymmetry, and both Egger and Begg tests were non-significant ( P >0.05); therefore, publication bias was assessed as “undetected”.@*Conclusion@#The finding from our systematic review and Meta-analysis suggest that children and adolescents exposure to BPA may result in obesity.

Incidence trend of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China / 上海预防医学

Objective To investigate the epidemical characteristics and analyze the incidence trend of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China. Methods The daily new confirmed cases of 2019 COVID-19 in China from January 25 to February 8, 2020 were collected for epidemiological descriptive analysis. Results During the period from January 25 to February 8, 2020, the number of daily new confirmed cases fell for five consecutive days, from 890 cases on February 3 to 509 cases on February 8. Conclusion The incidence of COVID-19 slows down in 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) except Hubei and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, but the overall situation is still not optimistic.It is imperative to pay close attention to the origin and destination of migrant workers and the incidence of disease in various areas, and to take targeted measures to strengthen prevention and control of the disease.

Incidence trend of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China / 上海预防医学

Objective To investigate the epidemical characteristics and analyze the incidence trend of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China. Methods The daily new confirmed cases of 2019 COVID-19 in China from January 25 to February 8, 2020 were collected for epidemiological descriptive analysis. Results During the period from January 25 to February 8, 2020, the number of daily new confirmed cases fell for five consecutive days, from 890 cases on February 3 to 509 cases on February 8. Conclusion The incidence of COVID-19 slows down in 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) except Hubei and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, but the overall situation is still not optimistic.It is imperative to pay close attention to the origin and destination of migrant workers and the incidence of disease in various areas, and to take targeted measures to strengthen prevention and control of the disease.

Research on economic burden and influencing factors of hand-foot-mouth disease in Xi’an, 2018 / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the economic burden caused by hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Xi’an, in order to provide scientific basis for government departments to allocate health resources rationally.@*Methods@#New cases of HFMD were selected randomly from designated hospitals in city and district level in Xi’an, 2018, Direct and indirect economic costs of patients caused by HFMD were collected using a questionnaire survey, hospital charging system inquiry as well as follow-up survey. Factors affecting the economic burden of HFMD were analyzed.@*Results@#A total of 438 mild as well as 60 severe cases were surveyed, with the overall medical insurance participation rate of 89.76%(447/498). The median of per capita direct economic burden of mild and severe cases were 635 and 7 972 yuan respectively, and the median of per capita indirect economic burden of mild and severe cases were 130 and 233 yuan respectively, in Xi’an. The overall economic burden attributable to HFMD was 23.1 million yuan in Xi’an 2018, in which the direct economic burden was 19.3 million yuan, indirect economic burden was 3.8 million yuan. Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that the approach of diagnosis, type of cases, days of treatment and type of pathogen had significant influence on the economic burden of HFMD(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The economic burden of HFMD was heavy in Xi’an. Controling and reducing the incidence rate, as well as increasing the medical insurance coverage and reimbursement rate would lighten the economic burden caused by HFMD effectively.

Impact of secondary pulmonary hypertension on lung transplant outcome / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of MDR1(C3435T) gene polymorphism on tacrolimus metabolism early after pediatric liver transplantation.Methods:Preoperative blood samples of 90 donors and recipients of pediatric liver transplantation were collected and genotyped. According to the CYP3A5 genotype of donor/recipient, they were divided into four subgroups of recipient slow metabolism/donor slow metabolism (R/D-S), recipient fast metabolism/donor slow metabolism (R-F/D-S), recipient slow metabolism/donor fast metabolism (R-S/D-F) and recipient fast metabolism/donor fast metabolism (R/D-F). The values of concentration/daily dose (C 0/D) of tacrolimus in patients with different MDR1 genotypes were compared at the subgroup level. Results:The C 0/D value of MDR1 TT recipients was significantly higher than that of CC/ CT counterparts in the first week after liver transplantation ( P<0.01). The C 0/D value of CT recipients in R/D-S subgroup was significantly higher than that of CC counterparts in the 2nd week after operation ( P<0.05). The C 0/D value of CT recipients in R/D-F subgroup was significantly higher than that of CC counterparts in 2 weeks ( P<0.05) and 3 weeks ( P<0.01). Conclusions:MDR1(C3435T) gene polymorphism in recipients affects tacrolimus metabolism. Recipients with CC genotype metabolize faster than those with CT/TT genotypes. And the same daily dose and tacrolimus blood concentration are lower. Recipients with different MDR1 genotypes need to adjust the dosage of tacrolimus. This difference is more obvious in CYP3A5 fast metabolic subgroup, more attention should be paid to optimizing individualizing dosage regimens, reducing the incidence of adverse reactions and improving the efficacy.

Clinical characteristics and risk factors of acute kidney injury in coronavirus disease 2019 / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective:To investigate the characteristics and the risk factors of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated acute kidney injury (AKI).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was performed to examine the basic data, clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with COVID-19 in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University and Wuhan Fourth Hospital from January 1st to February 1st in 2020. According to the diagnostic criteria of Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO), patients with AKI were included in AKI group and those without AKI were included in non-AKI group. The differences of each index between the two groups were compared. The prognostic value of AKI for COVID-19 was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox regression.Results:A total of 394 COVID-19 patients were included, with a total mortality of 5.6%; 37 (9.4%) of them developed AKI. The mortality of patients with COVID-19 associated AKI was 18.9%. There were significant differences in age, gender, smoking history, hypertension history, malignancy history, cardiovascular disease history and cerebrovascular disease history between the two groups. In addition to the difference of serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil count (NEU), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), D-dimer, procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reaction protein (CRP) in AKI group were significantly higher than those in non-AKI group [WBC (×10 9/L): 5.75 (4.13, 7.83) vs. 4.52 (3.35, 5.90), NEU (×10 9/L): 4.55 (2.81, 6.11) vs. 3.06 (2.03, 4.50), AST (U/L): 40.0 (24.5, 69.5) vs. 30.0 (23.0, 42.5), LDH (μmol·s -1·L -1): 5.21 (3.68, 7.57) vs. 4.24 (3.05, 5.53), D-dimer (μg/L): 456 (266, 2 172) vs. 290 (152, 610), PCT (μg/L): 0.33 (0.03, 1.52) vs. 0.01 (0.01, 0.11), CRP (mg/L): 53.80 (26.00, 100.90) vs. 23.60 (9.25, 51.10), all P < 0.05], while lymphocyte count (LYM) and platelet count (PLT) were decreased [LYM (×10 9/L): 0.68 (0.47, 1.05) vs. 0.91 (0.63, 1.25), PLT (×10 9/L): 142.0 (118.0, 190.0) vs. 171.0 (130.0, 2 190.0), both P < 0.05]. The mortality of AKI group was significantly higher than that of non-AKI group [18.9% (7/37) vs. 4.2% (15/357), P < 0.01]. Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the 30-day cumulative survival of AKI group was lower than that of non-AKI group (log-rank: P = 0.003). Cox analysis also showed that AKI increased the odds of patients with COVID-19 mortality by 3.2-fold [hazard ratio ( HR) = 3.208, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 1.076-9.566, P = 0.037]. Conclusions:The risk of AKI is higher in patients with COVID-19. Early intervention to prevent AKI in patients with COVID-19 is of great significance to improve the prognosis of patients.

Incidence trend of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China / 上海预防医学

Objective To investigate the epidemical characteristics and analyze the incidence trend of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China. Methods The daily new confirmed cases of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China from January 25 to February 8,2020 were collected for epidemiological descriptive analysis. Results During the period from January 25 to February 8, 2020, the number of daily new confirmed cases fell for five consecutive days, from 890 cases on February 3 to 509 cases on February 8. Conclusion The incidence of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) slowed down in 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) except Hubei and Xinjiang production and construction corps , but the overall situation is still not optimistic. It is imperative to pay close attention to the origin and destination of migrant workers and the incidence of disease in various areas, and take targeted measures to strengthen prevention and control of the disease.